becoming a better Clinician
S/Sx
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fever
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sputum
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cough
Because its an infection, sputum gets released. Nerve irritation causes the cough. IL1,6 are responsbile for the fever.
Bronchitis: infection of the upper airways themselves
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Streptococcus 40%
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Haemophilus Influenza 30%
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Moraxella 20%
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unknown 10%
- acute bronchitis: anyone can get
- chronic bronchitis: smokers often have exacerbation. Part of COPD.
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Diagnosis
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CXR will be normal (you are ruling out pneumonia)
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Treatment
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Amoxicillin
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Macrolide (2nd line)
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Amoxicillin / clavulanate: if had recent abx in last few weeks
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respiratroy FQ
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2nd/3rd generation Cephalosporin
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Pneumonia: infection of the lung tissue
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streptococcus pneumonia: most common
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viral
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mycoplasma pneumonia: youn adults
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chlamydia pneumoniae
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haemophilus influenza
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moraxella pneumoniae
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legionella pneumophilia
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pseudomonas aeruginosa
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staph auerus
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P. jiroveci
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klebsiella
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fungus
Pulmonary abscess: focal infection of pulmonary tissue
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anaerobes - 90% (+/- aerobes)
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Risk Factors
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alcoholics
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aspiration
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poor dentition (anaerobes)
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intubation
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Diagnosis
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CXR
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wall of abscess with air / fluid level
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Treatment
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Clindamycin (above the diaphragm abscess)
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drainage rarely needed
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